(jesterc)

Race #19053

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Official speed 127.47 wpm (81.34 seconds elapsed during race)
Without ending ping 127.84 wpm (234 ms delay sending score to TypeRacer’s server)
Timerless 128.39 wpm (348 ms elapsed before first character typed; 80.76 seconds elapsed during race)
Timerless minus one 128.24 wpm, ignoring the first character typed
Race Start October 6, 2023 4:58:11pm UTC
Race Finish October 6, 2023 4:59:32pm UTC
Outcome Win (1 of 5)
Opponents 2. aelius_qwerty2 (126.69 wpm)
3. wxia (105.08 wpm)
Accuracy 96.7%
Points 344.16
Text #4940058 (Length: 864 characters)

Calculus is a tool that helps us understand how a change in one quantity is related to a change in another. How does the speed of a falling object change as a function of time? How does the level of water in a barrel change as a function of the amount of liquid poured into it? We see change occurring in nearly everything we observe in the world and universe, and powerful modern instruments help us see more and more. In this section we introduce the ideas of average and instantaneous rates of change, and show that they are closely related to the slope of a curve at a point P on the curve. We give precise developments of these important concepts in the next chapter, but for now we use an informal approach so you will see how they lead naturally to the main idea of this chapter, the limit. The idea of a limit plays a foundational role throughout calculus.

Characters typed Calculus is a tool that helps us understand how a change in one quantity is related to ca change in another. How does the speed of a falling object change as a function of time. ? How does the levfelel of water ina a barrel change as af un function of the amouhnt on to ft of liquid poured into it? We see cehangechange occurrtinging in ennearly everything we observe in the world and uinveuniverse, and powerful modern instruments help us see more and more. Ini this this esection we intrudc introduce the ideas of average and instantaeousneous rates of hcnage,change, and show that they are closely related to the slope of a curve at a point P on the curve. We giev preve precise developments of these important concepts in the next chapter, but for now we use an informal approach so you will see how they lead naturally to the main diea ofieedea of this chapte,r the lr, the limit. The idea of a linmimit laysplays a dfoundational role throughout calculus.
Timing
Character C a l c u l u s i s a t o o l t h a t h
Milliseconds 348 232 44 119 82 115 77 510 99 9 91 74 112 68 87 39 104 153 86 44 91 17 47 59 56
Character e l p s u s u n d e r s t a n d h o w a
Milliseconds 85 75 9 145 70 60 81 54 51 34 41 143 31 46 85 73 44 83 37 50 47 25 62 107 57
Character c h a n g e i n o n e q u a n t i t y i s
Milliseconds 66 20 157 8 101 40 6 43 64 83 81 25 72 72 41 102 97 47 90 35 110 22 102 92 79
Character r e l a t e d t o c -c a c h a n g e i n
Milliseconds 62 74 29 63 79 57 48 117 62 70 9 74 67 423 48 77 82 41 89 42 48 22 61 34 65
Character a n o t h e r . H o w d o e s t h e s p
Milliseconds 69 16 78 34 40 84 31 53 44 38 88 430 99 74 94 48 64 48 50 46 48 67 50 72 58
Character e e d o f a f a l l i n g o b j e c t c
Milliseconds 65 121 114 33 44 68 44 44 94 40 84 16 114 73 18 74 42 50 95 106 65 76 122 76 124
Character h a n g e a s a f u n c t i o n o f t i
Milliseconds 16 132 26 51 19 57 70 29 64 76 91 41 9 83 130 147 68 53 82 116 49 36 75 62 54
Character m e . - -. ? H o w d o e s t h e l e v f
Milliseconds 75 26 100 108 340 114 159 53 120 144 57 87 58 77 55 33 42 69 56 65 7 102 95 54 12
Character e l -l -e -f e l o f w a t e r i n a - -a a
Milliseconds 66 36 324 133 120 64 104 98 55 39 43 76 41 68 99 85 71 36 81 295 128 321 103 48 132
Character b a r r e l c h a n g e a s a f u n -n -u
Milliseconds 27 70 63 42 102 53 43 46 89 35 103 36 59 17 97 217 251 81 267 151 32 123 80 232 133
Character - -f f u n c t i o n o f t h e a m o u h n
Milliseconds 134 101 54 35 89 25 97 106 16 13 39 92 32 80 36 76 47 30 50 76 56 77 96 140 11
Character t o -o - -t -n -h n t o f -f - -o -t - t o f l
Milliseconds 66 50 59 263 148 145 137 111 150 105 0 86 90 0 342 125 163 144 126 102 39 58 116 6 77
Character i q u i d p o u r e d i n t o i t ? W e
Milliseconds 35 109 58 48 104 54 79 130 41 47 48 116 26 59 47 77 30 81 77 63 142 44 68 174 109
Character s e e c e h a n g e -c -e -h -a -n -g -e c h a n g e
Milliseconds 77 66 78 94 34 9 86 115 47 30 46 188 0 0 0 0 0 0 344 72 89 31 43 21 57
Character o c c u r r t i n g -g -n -i -t i n g i n e n -n -e
Milliseconds 93 104 119 66 99 121 11 54 41 83 243 145 138 120 120 45 51 70 25 92 135 86 39 334 95
Character n e a r l y e v e r y t h i n g w e o b s e
Milliseconds 134 51 27 73 4 67 69 26 104 94 47 38 125 19 59 86 72 24 106 24 45 93 92 442 56
Character r v e i n t h e w o r l d a n d u i n v
Milliseconds 40 129 50 51 17 66 54 45 55 26 55 40 25 58 93 47 50 59 55 39 26 76 169 0 40
Character e -u -i -n -v -e u n i v e r s e , a n d p o w e r
Milliseconds 69 341 0 0 0 0 186 146 20 59 61 82 120 62 50 39 70 67 4 99 129 151 58 26 42
Character f u l m o d e r n i n s t r u m e n t s h e
Milliseconds 109 29 37 115 66 49 45 112 38 0 87 45 74 71 77 89 43 267 62 100 44 38 49 69 60
Character l p u s s e e m o r e a n d m o r e .
Milliseconds 63 17 116 39 80 53 108 64 157 87 57 36 47 24 39 83 42 49 44 45 30 76 19 102 44
Character I n i t h i s -t -h -i -s - - -i t h i s e -e s
Milliseconds 82 139 30 43 51 50 30 61 32 261 0 0 0 0 144 132 93 50 81 35 52 59 118 341 53
Character e c t i o n w e i n t r u d c -i -n -t -r -u -d -c
Milliseconds 24 68 148 32 0 29 92 49 15 91 136 62 64 133 78 79 84 61 284 0 0 0 0 0 0
Character - i n t r o d u c e t h e i d e a s o f a
Milliseconds 0 525 79 64 139 40 142 63 69 28 55 83 36 94 41 81 312 165 161 50 118 26 111 344 81
Character v e r a g e a n d i n s t a n t a e o u s -s -u
Milliseconds 79 50 104 97 46 30 50 97 29 80 53 39 57 41 42 91 51 99 185 163 89 78 85 269 138
Character -o -e n e o u s r a t e s o f h c n a g e , -,
Milliseconds 145 114 109 58 96 55 19 134 7 98 51 26 54 63 21 79 48 92 12 150 14 76 28 45 225
Character -h -c -n -a -g -e c h a n g e , a n d s h o w t h
Milliseconds 114 0 0 0 0 0 104 71 108 54 36 31 64 19 46 64 40 62 95 27 47 74 52 72 55
Character a t t h e y a r e c l o s e l y r e l a t
Milliseconds 109 47 34 86 42 79 66 33 76 48 15 45 105 24 115 49 52 75 45 46 57 31 61 49 36
Character e d t o t h e s l o p e o f a c u r v
Milliseconds 58 92 43 76 13 68 50 44 41 64 184 89 161 59 97 68 63 37 75 58 60 66 119 78 158
Character e a t a p o i n t P o n t h e c u r
Milliseconds 12 48 67 50 41 95 53 52 45 93 0 31 86 107 158 67 58 59 45 55 31 68 91 55 78
Character v e . W e g i e v p r e -p -r -e - -v -e v e p
Milliseconds 136 51 19 28 110 109 49 102 64 85 0 67 66 94 23 247 0 0 138 144 133 39 54 16 89
Character r e c i s e d e v e l o p m e n t s o f t h
Milliseconds 78 36 110 69 80 57 58 83 142 49 59 37 145 28 134 59 104 52 48 60 31 95 34 63 37
Character e s e i m p o r t a n t c o n c e p t s i n
Milliseconds 83 120 22 134 119 48 72 66 91 106 38 48 77 149 94 39 67 54 35 53 86 59 15 87 14
Character t h e n e x t c h a p t e r , b u t f o
Milliseconds 79 39 63 38 59 56 30 216 59 70 143 71 67 46 62 94 61 13 19 102 70 83 39 106 41
Character r n o w w e u s e a n i n f o r m a l
Milliseconds 79 42 43 50 56 45 117 46 24 74 66 17 75 113 65 80 56 58 66 70 103 31 137 0 115
Character a p p r o a c h s o y o u w i l l s e e
Milliseconds 64 84 144 35 120 47 81 47 26 129 120 70 80 66 73 31 34 41 134 78 49 83 51 113 16
Character h o w t h e y l e a d n a t u r a l l y t
Milliseconds 45 31 78 43 71 42 49 86 81 128 45 117 46 17 65 63 64 42 91 31 30 113 47 71 63
Character o t h e m a i n d i e a o f -o -f -d -i -e -a -
Milliseconds 35 49 65 49 83 55 279 88 48 42 87 37 5 91 78 45 24 99 245 0 108 0 0 0 0
Character i e e -e -e d e a o f t h i s c h a p t e , r
Milliseconds 156 53 102 260 120 32 111 36 56 40 73 55 66 35 12 90 32 96 33 126 36 96 95 65 0
Character t h e l -l -t -h -e - - -r -, r , t h e l i m i
Milliseconds 35 99 54 60 24 91 256 133 0 0 0 144 149 134 88 92 38 72 44 72 27 61 62 43 77
Character t . T h e i d e a o f a l i n m i -i -m -n
Milliseconds 60 128 53 41 169 95 75 45 61 112 69 45 19 85 38 56 95 109 97 62 0 52 390 150 703
Character m i t l a y s -l -a -y -s p l a y s a d -d f o u
Milliseconds 151 26 98 25 138 101 71 122 298 0 0 0 205 137 47 90 74 91 66 102 94 334 66 331 42
Character n d a t i o n a l r o l e t h r o u g h o u t
Milliseconds 164 65 101 53 32 30 38 83 55 37 75 60 149 52 21 88 30 91 35 31 102 66 66 85 15
Character c a l c u l u s .
Milliseconds 101 172 72 64 69 82 113 85 96 91
WPM Timing
Seconds WPM
1.63 66.39
3.25 114.34
4.88 145.08
6.51 151.22
8.13 151.96
9.76 152.45
11.39 154.91
13.01 157.68
14.64 149.99
16.27 146.06
17.89 140.16
19.52 139.54
21.15 135.05
22.77 131.2
24.4 123.93
26.03 127.25
27.65 123.67
29.28 122.13
30.91 120.36
32.53 121.35
34.16 123.3
35.79 123.73
37.41 125.73
39.04 128.48
40.67 126.29
42.3 124.55
43.92 123.22
45.55 121.98
47.18 122.61
48.8 122.21
50.43 121.84
52.06 124.48
53.68 125.85
55.31 127.36
56.94 126.46
58.56 126.63
60.19 127.8
61.82 129.09
63.44 130.89
65.07 131.49
66.7 132.78
68.32 133.66
69.95 131.41
71.58 131.44
73.2 130.49
74.83 130.54
76.46 128.39
78.08 126.94
79.71 127.36
81.34 127.47